States use 14 categories of disabilities to determine eligibility for special education and related services for students ages 3 to 21

14 categories of disabilities under Federal IDEA: Autism. Deafblindness, deafness, developmental delay, emotional disturbance, hearing impairment, intellectual disability, multiple disabilities, orthopedic disability, other health disability, specific learning disability, speech or language disorder, traumatic brain injury, visual impairment including blindness.

Intellectual disability: There are significant limitations in mental functioning, communication, social skills, and independent living.

Conduct disorders: inability to learn, inability to build satisfying relationships with peers and teachers, inappropriate behavior or feelings in normal situations or circumstances, a generalized, pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression, a tendency to develop physical symptoms or anxiety related to personal or school problems.

Autism: Children have lifelong problems with communication and social interaction and have restrictive or repetitive interests and behaviors. More common in boys.

ADHD: A persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-indifference that is more frequent and severe than is generally seen in individuals of comparable developmental level. Occurs with learning disabilities. More common in boys than girls.

Other health problems: Cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and degenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease are disorders that affect learning ability.

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