Biotechnology is the application of biology to solving problems and creating useful goods. The most common method is genetic engineering, which allows scientists to manipulate an organism's DNA.

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Biotechnology is a science-based business that creates healthcare items by combining biological creatures and molecular biology. Biotechnology companies also developed therapies and techniques (such as DNA fingerprinting).

Biotechnology is known for its use in medicine and pharmaceuticals. The field is also used in genomics, food production and biofuel production.

Biotechnology is an area of applied science that creates products and processes from living organisms and their derivatives. Healthcare, medicine, biofuels and environmental safety use these items and procedures.

The term 'biotechnology' refers to various processes for altering biological organisms. Returning to the domestication of animals, plant cultivation and its “improvements” for human use. Use of genetic engineering techniques and hybridization in breeding projects.

Historical background:

Biotechnology is a phrase that describes molecular and cellular technologies. These emerged in the 1960s and 1970s. In the mid-1970s, a nascent "biotech" sector emerged, led by Genentech, a pharmaceutical company discovered in 1976 by Robert A. Swanson and Herbert W.

The gene splicing experiments of Paul Berg (Stanford) were a big hit in 1971. In 1972, Herbert W. Boyer (UCSF) and Stanley N. Cohen (Stanford) made significant progress in the new technique by transferring genetic material into a bacterium , which is the imported material.

Boyer to commercialize the recombinant DNA technology developed by Boyer, Paul Berg and Stanley N. Cohen. Genentech, Amgen, Biogen, Cetus and Genex were among the first companies to produce genetically modified molecules, mainly for medicinal and environmental applications.

The financial viability of the biotechnology sector was significantly increased on June 16, 1980, when the United States Supreme Court ruled in Diamond v. Chakrabarty that a genetically modified microbe could be patented.

Working with General Electric, Indian-born Ananda Chakrabarty developed a bacterium (of the species Pseudomonas) capable of breaking down crude oil, which he offered to use to treat oil spills. (Chakrabarty's research involved the transfer of whole organelles between Pseudomonas bacterial strains rather than gene modification.)

Recombinant insulin was the first genetically engineered product to be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1982. Since then, hundreds of genetically modified protein therapies, such as recombinant growth hormone, clotting factors and clot dissolving agents, have been sold worldwide.

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